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<title>OpenBASED - Setup OpenBSD as a daily driver using only the included, base programs</title>
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<h1><a href="/"><span class="title"><i>Open</i><b>BASED</b></span></a></h1>
<hr>
<p>Setup OpenBSD as a daily driver using only the included, core programs. Based on OpenBSD 7.6.</p>
<hr />
<div class="TOC">
<ul>
<li><a href="#requirements">Requirements</a></li>
<li><a href="#installation">Installation</a></li>
<li><a href="#firstboottweaks">First Boot Tweaks</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="#userpermissions">User Permissions</a></li>
<li><a href="#firmware">Firmware</a></li>
<li><a href="#wifi">WiFi</a></li>
<li><a href="#performanceboost">Performance Boost</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="#loginmanager">Login Manager</a></li>
<li><a href="#thefirstreallogin">The First <em>Real</em> Login</a></li>
<li><a href="#additionalpackages">Additional Packages</a></li>
<li><a href="#configs">Configs</a></li>
<li><a href="#supportopenbsd">Support OpenBSD</a></li>
<li><a href="#contributetoopenbased">Contribute to OpenBASED</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
<h2 id="requirements">Requirements</h2>
<ul>
<li>USB device</li>
<li>Ethernet connection (with active internet)</li>
<li>A cup of coffee</li>
</ul>
<p>The real requirements are having patience and a passion for keeping things minimal. It’s important to remeber that this setup isn’t the most user-friendly. There will be no config files to edit or download in this guide. We will be using the <code>xenodm</code> login manager paired with the default stacked window manager <code>fvwm</code>. And that’s it.</p>
<p>You have been warned!</p>
<h2 id="installation">Installation</h2>
<p>Make sure you have the latest OpenBSD image formatted on a USB device (or burned to a CD if that’s your cup of tea!) and that your computer/laptop is set to boot from USB via the BIOS. Also make sure you are connected to the internet via ethernet cable (don’t worry, we’ll setup WiFi in a minute!)</p>
<p>Boot into the device and input the following when guided through the installer:</p>
<ol>
<li>Boot from USB</li>
<li>Choose <code>Install</code></li>
<li>Keyboard layout: <code>us</code></li>
<li>Hostname: <code>x220</code> (or whatever you choose)</li>
<li>Network: <code>em0</code></li>
<li>IPv4: <code>autoconf</code></li>
<li>IPv6: <code>none</code></li>
<li>Network interface: <code>done</code></li>
<li>Password for root</li>
<li>Start sshd by default? <code>yes</code></li>
<li>X Window System start with xenodm? <code>no</code></li>
<li>Setup user? <code>username</code> (follow setup user steps)</li>
<li>Allow root ssh login? <code>no</code></li>
<li>Timezone</li>
<li>Which disk? Use internal (<code>sd0</code> etc.)</li>
<li>Encrypt root disk? <code>no</code></li>
<li>Use <code>WHOLE</code> disk</li>
<li>Use <code>AUTO</code> layout</li>
<li>Which disk to initialize: <code>done</code></li>
<li>Location of sets: <code>http</code></li>
<li>HTTP Proxy URL? <code>none</code></li>
<li>HTTP Server? <code>1</code> (Toronto)</li>
<li>Confirm again</li>
<li>Server directory? <code>pub/OpenBSD/7.6/amd64</code></li>
<li>Set names? <code>done</code></li>
<li>Drink some coffee while it verifies (depends on network speed)</li>
<li>Location of sets? <code>done</code></li>
<li>Congrats!</li>
<li>Reboot and remove USB device</li>
</ol>
<h2 id="firstboottweaks">First Boot Tweaks</h2>
<h3 id="userpermissions">User Permissions</h3>
<p>Before we do anything, we should give our main user full access via <code>doas</code>. Login as <code>root</code> and run the following:</p>
<pre><code>su -
echo "permit nopass :wheel" >> /etc/doas.conf
exit
</code></pre>
<h3 id="firmware">Firmware</h3>
<p>The next steps will help you ensure you have the latest firmware.</p>
<p>Simply run the command: <code>fw_update</code></p>
<h3 id="wifi">WiFi</h3>
<p>To enable wifi on your device, run the following command (filling in the proper details where need be)</p>
<pre><code>ifconfig iwn0 up
ifconfig iwn0 scan
echo "join WIFI-NAME wpakey PASSPHRASE" >> /etc/hostname.iwn0
echo "dhcp" >> /etc/hostname.iwn0
echo "inet6 autoconf" >> /etc/hostname.iwn0
echo "up powersave" >> /etc/hostname.iwn0
dhclient iwn0
</code></pre>
<p>Take note of the <code>iwn0</code>, as this might differ on your machine. (You can check this by running <code>ifconfig</code>)</p>
<p>You might also need to run <code>doas sh /etc/netstart</code> after.</p>
<h3 id="performanceboost">Performance Boost</h3>
<p>This step is optional and targeted towards devices with batteries (laptops, IoT devices etc). Properly setup apmd:</p>
<pre><code>rcctl enable apmd
rcctl set apmd flags -A
rcctl start apmd
</code></pre>
<h2 id="loginmanager">Login Manager</h2>
<p>Remember when we chose <code>No</code> when the installer asked us “X Window System start with xenodm?”. Well, now we want to enable that before our next reboot:</p>
<pre><code>doas rcctl enable xenodm
</code></pre>
<p>Now reboot your device.</p>
<pre><code>doas reboot
</code></pre>
<h2 id="thefirstreallogin">The First <em>Real</em> Login</h2>
<p>Now you will be presented with the glorious <code>xenodm</code> login screen.</p>
<figure>
<img src="./xenodm-stock.png" alt="Default xenodm login screen">
<figcaption>The beautiful, default xenodm login screen. Image taken from <a href="https://www.tumfatig.net/2019/customizing-openbsd-xenodm/">tumfatig.net</a> (who has some wonderful OpenBSD guides you should check out!)</figcaption>
</figure>
<p>Login with your created user details and you should see something like this:</p>
<figure>
<img src="./fvwm.png" alt="Default fvwm view once logged in">
<figcaption>Taken from the main OpenBSD Wikipedia page. (Some applications will not be opened by default)</figcaption>
</figure>
<p>Absolutely glorious. You’ll also notice a 3x3 grid box in the bottom right corner:</p>
<img src="./pager.png" alt="fvwm workspace pager">
<p>This is called the “workspace pager” or “pager”. Each section represents an individual <em>desktop</em> (or workspace if your more familiar with MacOS terminology). You can click on any grid item to instantly move to that desktop.</p>
<p>You can also navigate around using the <kbd>Ctl</kbd> + <kbd>↑</kbd><kbd>→</kbd><kbd>↓</kbd><kbd>←</kbd> keys.</p>
<h2 id="additionalpackages">Additional Packages</h2>
<ul>
<li>aerc</li>
<li>Firefox</li>
<li>ffmpeg</li>
<li>picom</li>
</ul>
<h2 id="configs">Configs</h2>
<p>Okay, I <em>know</em> I said there wouldn’t be any configs included in this guide. Frankly, you should be having zero problems working with all those defaults now that you’ve run through this guide! BUT - I wanted to include some <em>very minor</em> configuration tweaks that might make things a little more intuitive for newcomers. Feel free to ignore these entirely!</p>
<h2 id="supportopenbsd">Support OpenBSD</h2>
<p>If you’ve found this guide helpful or even sparked an interest in OpenBSD, please consider <a href="https://www.openbsd.org/donations.html">donating directly to the OpenBSD Project</a>. A little goes a long way, and the OpenBSD Project is a volunteer-driven software group funded by donations!</p>
<h2 id="contributetoopenbased">Contribute to OpenBASED</h2>
<p>I’m far from an OpenBSD expert! Please <a href="https://git.sr.ht/~bt/openbased">help improve this project</a>!</p>
<hr>
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<p>Project created by <a href="https://btxx.org">Bradley Taunt</a><br>
<a href="https://git.sr.ht/~bt/openbased">Source code</a> | Hosted on <a href="https://billing.linveo.com/order/forms/a/MTM4Ng==">Linveo</a></p>
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