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---
layout: page
title: Installing OpenBSD
permalink: /wiki/openbsd/installation
---
Below you can find instructions for installing OpenBSD on a personal computer.
The example below covers installing **OpendBSD 7.5** on a X220 ThinkPad laptop.
## Requirements
* USB device
* Ethernet connection (with active internet)
* A cup of coffee
## Before the Install
Make sure you have the latest OpenBSD image formatted on your USB device and that your computer/laptop is set to boot from USB via the BIOS.
## Installation
1. Boot from USB
2. Choose `Install`
3. Keyboard layout: `us`
4. Hostname: `x220` (or whatever you choose)
5. Network: `em0`
6. IPv4: `autoconf`
7. IPv6: `none`
8. Network interface: `done`
9. Password for root
10. Start sshd by default? `yes`
11. X Window System start with xenodm? `no`
12. Setup user? `username` (follow setup user steps)
13. Allow root ssh login? `no`
14. Timezone
15. Which disk? Use internal (`sd0` etc.)
16. Encrypt root disk? `no`
17. Use `WHOLE` disk
18. Use `AUTO` layout
19. Which disk to initialize: `done`
20. Location of sets: `http`
21. HTTP Proxy URL? `none`
22. HTTP Server? `1` (Toronto)
23. Confirm again
24. Server directory? `pub/OpenBSD/7.5/amd64`
25. Set names? `done`
26. Drink some coffee while it verifies (depends on network speed)
27. Location of sets? `done`
28. Congrats!
29. Reboot and remove USB device
## First Boot Tweaks
### User Permissions
Before we do anything, we should give our main user full access via `doas`. Login as `root` and run the following:
echo "permit nopass :wheel" >> /etc/doas.conf
Now you can logout or reboot the machine.
Running any of the commands might present you with a permissions error. If that happens, simply add `doas` to the start of every command.
### Firmware
Once your machine reboots, login as your created user. The next steps will help you ensure you have the latest firmware.
Simply run the command: `fw_update`
### WiFi
To enable wifi on your device, run the following command (filling in the proper details where need be)
ifconfig iwn0 up
ifconfig iwn0 scan
echo "join WIFI-NAME wpakey PASSPHRASE" >> /etc/hostname.iwn0
echo "dhcp" >> /etc/hostname.iwn0
echo "inet6 autoconf" >> /etc/hostname.iwn0
echo "up powersave" >> /etc/hostname.iwn0
dhclient iwn0
Take note of the `iwn0`, as this might differ on your machine. (You can check this by running `ifconfig`)
You might also need to run `doas sh /etc/netstart` after.
### Performance Boost
This step is optional and targeted towards devices with batteries (obviously). Properly setup apmd:
rcctl enable apmd
rcctl set apmd flags -A
rcctl start apmd
## Next Steps
Now that the base system is up and running, it is time to setup our desktop environment:
[Setting up a Desktop Environment for OpenBSD →](/wiki/openbsd/desktop_environment)
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