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diff --git a/build/wp-enqueue-for-beginners/index.html b/build/wp-enqueue-for-beginners/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..96ccb68 --- /dev/null +++ b/build/wp-enqueue-for-beginners/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,106 @@ +<!doctype html> +<html lang="en" id="top"> +<head> + <meta charset="utf-8"> + <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"> + <link rel="icon" href="data:,"> + <title>WP Enqueue for Beginners</title> + <link href="https://bt.ht/atom.xml" type="application/atom+xml" rel="alternate" title="Atom feed for blog posts" /> + <style>*{box-sizing:border-box;}body{font-family:sans-serif;margin:0 auto;max-width:650px;padding:1rem;}img{max-width:100%;}pre{overflow:auto;}table{text-align:left;width:100%;}</style> +</head> + +<nav> + <a href="#menu">Menu ↓</a> +</nav> + +<main> +<h1>WP Enqueue for Beginners</h1> +<p>2020-05-05</p> +<p>Throughout my career designing, developing and auditing WordPress themes, I've come across many that include their custom styles / scripts as static HTML elements inside their respective <code>header</code> and <code>footer</code> templates. This is perfectly <em>fine</em>, but there is a cleaner way to include these files.</p> +<p>This post is purposefully catered for WordPress beginners, so if this seems overly simple, then you're probably already developing WordPress themes that utilize these techniques. (Which is awesome!)</p> +<h2>Introducing WP Enqueue</h2> +<p>The description of Wp Enqueue from the WordPress documentation:</p> +<p><blockquote class="wp-block-quote"> + <p> + Registers the style [script] if source provided (does NOT overwrite) and enqueues + </p> +</blockquote></p> +<p>In a nutshell: Placing a <code>wp_enqueue_script</code> or <code>wp_enqueue_style</code> script in the <code>functions.php</code> of your custom theme tells WordPress to pull external files into the header or footer of your website. Best practice being: <em>styles into the header, scripts into the footer</em>.</p> +<p>I suggest you read the official documentation for more details: <a href="https://developer.wordpress.org/reference/functions/wp_enqueue_script/">wp_enqueue_script</a> and <a href="https://developer.wordpress.org/reference/functions/wp_enqueue_style/">wp_enqueue_style</a>.</p> +<h2>Enqueue Stylesheets</h2> +<p>The default script to enqueue a CSS stylesheet:</p> +<pre><code>wp_enqueue_style( $handle, $src, $deps, $ver, $media ); +</code></pre> +<ul> +<li><code>$handle</code> - the name associated with your stylesheet</li> +<li><code>$src</code> - URL pointing to the directory of the stylesheet itself</li> +<li><code>$deps</code> - An array of any other stylesheets needed as dependencies</li> +<li><code>$ver</code> - The version number of the stylesheet (used for cache busting)</li> +<li><code>$media</code> - Specify media type (<code>all</code>, <code>print</code>, <code>screen</code>, etc.)</li> +</ul> +<p>So, with all those parameters in mind, here is what a standard default enqueue of a CSS stylesheet looks like:</p> +<pre><code>wp_enqueue_style( 'google-fonts', 'https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Montserrat:200,300,300i,400,600,700,800,900', '', '1.0', ''); +</code></pre> +<p>In this example we have rendered the following:</p> +<ul> +<li><code>$handle</code>: google-fonts</li> +<li><code>$src</code>: https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Montserrat:200,300,300i,400,600,700,800- 0</li> +<li><code>$deps</code>: Null (left blank)</li> +<li><code>$ver</code>: 1.0</li> +<li><code>$media</code>: Null (left blank)</li> +</ul> +<p><strong>Important:</strong> Keep in mind that the <code>wp_enqueue_style</code> script will render the stylesheet link into the WordPress header automatically.</p> +<h2>Enqueue Scripts</h2> +<p>The default script to enqueue an external JS file:</p> +<pre><code>wp_enqueue_script( $handle, $src, $deps, $ver, $in_footer ); +</code></pre> +<ul> +<li><code>$handle</code> - the name associated with your script</li> +<li><code>$src</code> - URL pointing to the directory of the script itself</li> +<li><code>$deps</code> - An array of any other scripts needed as dependencies</li> +<li><code>$ver</code> - The version number of the script (used for cache busting)</li> +<li><code>$in_footer</code> - Set whether the script is loaded in the <code><head></code> or just before the <code></body></code></li> +</ul> +<p>With all those parameters in mind, here is what a standard default enqueue of a Javascript file looks like:</p> +<pre><code>wp_enqueue_script( 'bxslider', get_template_directory_uri() . '/js/bxslider.js', array('jquery'), '1.0.0', true ); +</code></pre> +<p>In this example we have rendered the following:</p> +<ul> +<li><code>$handle</code>: bxslider</li> +<li><code>$src</code>: get_template_directory<em></em>ri() . /js/bxslider.js'</li> +<li><code>$deps</code>: array(jquery')</li> +<li><code>$ver</code>: 1.0.0</li> +<li><code>$in_footer</code>: True (<em>places script before closing body tag</em>)</li> +</ul> +<h2>Packaging Everything Together</h2> +<p>Now that we have the custom stylesheet and script ready to be loaded into our custom WordPress theme, we just need to properly package them together as a function in our <code>functions.php</code> file:</p> +<pre><code>// Add styles and scripts to the header/footer +function custom_enqueue_scripts() { + wp_enqueue_style( 'google-fonts', 'https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Montserrat:200,300,300i,400,600,700,800,900'); + wp_enqueue_script( 'bxslider', get_template_directory_uri() . '/js/bxslider.js', array('jquery'), '1.0.0', true ); +} + +add_action( 'wp_enqueue_scripts', 'custom_enqueue_scripts'); +</code></pre> +<p>That's it! Hopefully this helps prevent WordPress newbies from statically rendering their external CSS and JS files directly in template files. 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