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authorBradley Taunt <bt@btxx.org>2024-06-06 08:05:12 -0400
committerBradley Taunt <bt@btxx.org>2024-06-06 08:05:12 -0400
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+ <title>Pure CSS Bar Graphs with Graceful Mobile Fallbacks</title>
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+ <style>*{box-sizing:border-box;}body{font-family:sans-serif;margin:0 auto;max-width:650px;padding:1rem;}img{max-width:100%;}pre{overflow:auto;}table{text-align:left;width:100%;}</style>
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+<main>
+<h1>Pure CSS Bar Graphs with Graceful Mobile Fallbacks</h1>
+<p>2020-12-08</p>
+<p>I recently published a new open source project, <a target="_blank" href="https://flexbox-bar-graphs.netlify.app/">Flexbox Bar Graphs</a>, and wanted to share a simple breakdown of how it was built. It isn't anything mind-blowing, but I like the idea of placing bar graphs in a web page with <em>zero</em> Javascript.</p>
+<p>So in the end, this is what our bar graphs will look like on desktop:</p>
+<p><figure>
+ <img src="/public/images/flexbox-bar-graph-1.webp" alt="Flexbox Bar Graph">
+ <figcaption>The flexbox bar graph in desktop view (<a href="/public/images/flexbox-bar-graph-1.webp">direct link to image</a>)</figcaption>
+</figure></p>
+<p>And this is how it will look on smaller devices:</p>
+<p><figure>
+ <img src="/public/images/flexbox-bar-graph-2.webp" alt="Flexbox Bar Graph Table">
+ <figcaption>The flexbox bar graph on mobile devices (<a href="/public/images/flexbox-bar-graph-2.webp">direct link to image</a>)</figcaption>
+</figure></p>
+<p>Let's get into the details!</p>
+<h2>The HTML</h2>
+<p>The main "secret" of this project is that our graphs are constructed out of HTML <em>tables</em>. Now before you freak out - this is perfectly fine and works in our favor quite well.</p>
+<ol>
+<li>If the user has JS disabled --&gt; they will still see our graphs</li>
+<li>If the user has CSS disabled --&gt; they will see a standard data table set</li>
+</ol>
+<p>All bases are covered!</p>
+<pre><code>&lt;!-- Using a basic table with our custom data-id --&gt;
+&lt;table data-id=&quot;flexbox-bar-graph&quot;&gt;
+ &lt;caption&gt;Web Performance Results&lt;/caption&gt;
+ &lt;thead&gt;
+ &lt;tr&gt;
+ &lt;th&gt;Test Performed&lt;/th&gt;
+ &lt;th&gt;Before&lt;/th&gt;
+ &lt;th&gt;After&lt;/th&gt;
+ &lt;th&gt;Difference&lt;/th&gt;
+ &lt;/tr&gt;
+ &lt;/thead&gt;
+ &lt;tbody&gt;
+ &lt;tr&gt;
+ &lt;th&gt;Initial Load Time&lt;/th&gt;
+ &lt;td&gt;
+ &lt;!--
+ WTF are these CSS variables?
+ See the CSS section below
+ --&gt;
+ &lt;span style=&quot;--data-set:4.7/5;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
+ &lt;p&gt;4.7&lt;/p&gt;
+ &lt;/td&gt;
+ &lt;td&gt;
+ &lt;span style=&quot;--data-set:2.7/5;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
+ &lt;p&gt;2.7&lt;/p&gt;
+ &lt;/td&gt;
+ &lt;td&gt;
+ &lt;span style=&quot;--data-set:2/5;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
+ &lt;p&gt;2&lt;/p&gt;
+ &lt;/td&gt;
+ &lt;/tr&gt;
+ &lt;/tbody&gt;
+&lt;/table&gt;
+</code></pre>
+<p>Nothing crazy is happening here - just your standard HTML table structure. The one main thing to notice is the <code>--data-set</code> CSS variable placed inline on each data point. This will be important for our CSS to configure the individual bar graphs properly.</p>
+<h2>The CSS</h2>
+<p>This might look overwhelming if I just dumped the whole CSS file in one big code block, so instead I'm going to break them down into two parts:</p>
+<ol>
+<li>Baseline styling (mobile)</li>
+<li>Desktop styling</li>
+</ol>
+<h3>Baseline</h3>
+<p>Here we target just our table elements with the <code>data-id</code> of <code>flexbox-bar-graph</code>. This allows us to avoid worrying about adding classes or IDs and also avoids conflicts with other non-graph styled tables in our projects.</p>
+<p>The base <code>:root</code> element holds all of our bar graph colors. Change these as you see fit!</p>
+<pre><code>/* Bar Graph color variables */
+:root {
+ --bar-color-1: #357EC7;
+ --bar-color-2: #E42217;
+ --bar-color-3: #4CC417;
+ --bar-color-4: #7D0541;
+ --bar-color-5: #FFD801;
+}
+</code></pre>
+<pre><code>[data-id=&quot;flexbox-bar-graph&quot;] {
+ border-collapse: collapse;
+ margin: 4rem 0 6rem;
+ width: 100%;
+}
+[data-id=&quot;flexbox-bar-graph&quot;] caption {
+ text-align: left;
+}
+[data-id=&quot;flexbox-bar-graph&quot;] thead th {
+ text-align: right;
+}
+[data-id=&quot;flexbox-bar-graph&quot;] thead th:nth-child(1),
+[data-id=&quot;flexbox-bar-graph&quot;] tbody th {
+ text-align: left;
+}
+[data-id=&quot;flexbox-bar-graph&quot;] tbody th {
+ font-weight: normal;
+ font-style: italic;
+}
+[data-id=&quot;flexbox-bar-graph&quot;] tbody td {
+ text-align: right;
+}
+[data-id=&quot;flexbox-bar-graph&quot;] tbody td p {
+ margin: 0;
+}
+</code></pre>
+<h3>Desktop</h3>
+<p>Now we set your "visual" bar graphs to show at a set width (in this example it is 1000px and above). That way the "default" styling can target the mobile device screen sizes.</p>
+<ul>
+<li>The <code>thead tr th:nth-child(x):before</code> elements create the square "legends" beside each individual data point heading</li>
+<li>The <code>tbody tr td:nth-of-type(x) span</code> elements are the bars themselves</li>
+</ul>
+<pre><code>@media(min-width: 1000px) {
+ [data-id=&quot;flexbox-bar-graph&quot;] {
+ background: transparent;
+ display: block;
+ min-height: 400px;
+ padding: 0;
+ position: relative;
+ width: 100%;
+ }
+
+ [data-id=&quot;flexbox-bar-graph&quot;] caption {
+ display: block;
+ font-size: 2rem;
+ text-align: center;
+ width: 100%;
+ }
+
+ [data-id=&quot;flexbox-bar-graph&quot;] thead {
+ display: block;
+ margin: 2rem 0 3rem;
+ width: 100%;
+ }
+ [data-id=&quot;flexbox-bar-graph&quot;] thead tr {
+ border-bottom: 1px solid lightgrey;
+ display: flex;
+ justify-content: center;
+ padding-bottom: 1rem;
+ }
+
+ [data-id=&quot;flexbox-bar-graph&quot;] thead tr th {
+ display: inline-block;
+ margin: 0;
+ padding: 0;
+ position: relative;
+ text-align: right;
+ }
+ [data-id=&quot;flexbox-bar-graph&quot;] thead tr th:before {
+ content:'';
+ display: inline-block;
+ height: 10px;
+ margin: 0 0.5rem 0 2rem;
+ position: relative;
+ width: 10px;
+ }
+ [data-id=&quot;flexbox-bar-graph&quot;] thead tr th:nth-child(1),
+ [data-id=&quot;flexbox-bar-graph&quot;] thead tr th:nth-child(1):before {
+ display: none;
+ }
+ [data-id=&quot;flexbox-bar-graph&quot;] thead tr th:nth-child(2):before {
+ background: var(--bar-color-1);
+ }
+ [data-id=&quot;flexbox-bar-graph&quot;] thead tr th:nth-child(3):before {
+ background: var(--bar-color-2);
+ }
+ [data-id=&quot;flexbox-bar-graph&quot;] thead tr th:nth-child(4):before {
+ background: var(--bar-color-3);
+ }
+ [data-id=&quot;flexbox-bar-graph&quot;] thead tr th:nth-child(5):before {
+ background: var(--bar-color-4);
+ }
+ [data-id=&quot;flexbox-bar-graph&quot;] thead tr th:nth-child(6):before {
+ background: var(--bar-color-5);
+ }
+
+ [data-id=&quot;flexbox-bar-graph&quot;] tbody {
+ display: flex;
+ justify-content: space-between;
+ min-height: 300px;
+ width: 100%;
+ }
+
+ [data-id=&quot;flexbox-bar-graph&quot;] tbody tr {
+ display: flex;
+ flex-direction: column-reverse;
+ flex-wrap: wrap;
+ justify-content: flex-end;
+ padding: 0 50px;
+ position: relative;
+ width: 100%;
+ }
+ [data-id=&quot;flexbox-bar-graph&quot;] tbody tr th {
+ font-size: 90%;
+ position: absolute;
+ text-align: center;
+ top: 100%;
+ width: calc(100% - 100px);
+ }
+ [data-id=&quot;flexbox-bar-graph&quot;] tbody tr td {
+ align-items: center;
+ display: flex;
+ flex-direction: column;
+ height: 95%;
+ justify-content: flex-end;
+ }
+
+ [data-id=&quot;flexbox-bar-graph&quot;] tbody tr td span {
+ display: block;
+ height: calc(var(--data-set) * 100%);
+ width: 20px;
+ }
+ [data-id=&quot;flexbox-bar-graph&quot;] tbody tr td:nth-of-type(1) span {
+ background: var(--bar-color-1);
+ }
+ [data-id=&quot;flexbox-bar-graph&quot;] tbody tr td:nth-of-type(2) span {
+ background: var(--bar-color-2);
+ }
+ [data-id=&quot;flexbox-bar-graph&quot;] tbody tr td:nth-of-type(3) span {
+ background: var(--bar-color-3);
+ }
+ [data-id=&quot;flexbox-bar-graph&quot;] tbody tr td:nth-of-type(4) span {
+ background: var(--bar-color-4);
+ }
+ [data-id=&quot;flexbox-bar-graph&quot;] tbody tr td:nth-of-type(5) span {
+ background: var(--bar-color-5);
+ }
+
+ [data-id=&quot;flexbox-bar-graph&quot;] tbody tr td p {
+ font-size: 90%;
+ margin: 0;
+ text-align: center;
+ }
+}
+</code></pre>
+<h2>Bonus Styling</h2>
+<p>In the <a target="_blank" href="https://github.com/bradleytaunt/flexbox-bar-graphs">Flexbox Bar Graph</a> repo, I've also included the ability to display these bar graphs horizontally, like so:</p>
+<p><figure>
+ <img src="/public/images/flexbox-bar-graph-3.webp" alt="Flexbox Bar Graph Horizontal">
+ <figcaption>The flexbox bar graph in the horizontal layout (<a href="/public/images/flexbox-bar-graph-3.webp">direct link to image</a>)</figcaption>
+</figure></p>
+<p>The change in CSS is actually quite simple to pull this off - you just need to include the <code>data-layout</code> attribute on the table itself.</p>
+<pre><code>[data-layout=&quot;horizontal&quot;] tbody {
+ min-height: auto;
+}
+
+[data-layout=&quot;horizontal&quot;] tbody tr {
+ flex-direction: column;
+ padding: 0 40px;
+}
+[data-layout=&quot;horizontal&quot;] tbody tr th {
+ width: calc(100% - 80px);
+}
+
+[data-layout=&quot;horizontal&quot;] tbody tr th {
+ text-align: left;
+ top: calc(100% + 20px);
+}
+
+[data-layout=&quot;horizontal&quot;] tbody tr td {
+ flex-direction: row;
+ height: auto;
+ justify-content: start;
+ margin: 10px 0;
+}
+
+[data-layout=&quot;horizontal&quot;] tbody tr td span {
+ height: 20px;
+ width: calc(var(--data-set) * 100%);
+}
+
+[data-layout=&quot;horizontal&quot;] tbody tr td p {
+ margin-left: 10px;
+}
+</code></pre>
+<h2>That's All Folks!</h2>
+<p>That just about sums things up. Feel free to check out the Github repo itself, open any issues you find or fork it for your own!</p>
+<ul>
+<li>Github: <a href="https://github.com/bradleytaunt/flexbox-bar-graphs">https://github.com/bradleytaunt/flexbox-bar-graphs</a></li>
+<li>Live Demo: <a href="https://flexbox-bar-graphs.netlify.app/">https://flexbox-bar-graphs.netlify.app/</a></li>
+</ul>
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