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authorBradley Taunt <bt@btxx.org>2024-06-06 08:05:12 -0400
committerBradley Taunt <bt@btxx.org>2024-06-06 08:05:12 -0400
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+ <meta charset="utf-8">
+ <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
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+ <title>CSS Slope Graphs</title>
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+ <style>*{box-sizing:border-box;}body{font-family:sans-serif;margin:0 auto;max-width:650px;padding:1rem;}img{max-width:100%;}pre{overflow:auto;}table{text-align:left;width:100%;}</style>
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+ <a href="#menu">Menu &darr;</a>
+</nav>
+
+<main>
+<h1>CSS Slope Graphs</h1>
+<p>2021-06-07</p>
+<p><em>I am a huge sucker for simplistic and beautifully designed visual data on the web</em>. Most data tends to be graphed via line or bar systems - which is fine - but I think slope graphs are highly underrated. Let's change that, shall we?</p>
+<h2>The Demo</h2>
+<p>I'm basing this demo off the design patterns found in <a href="https://www.edwardtufte.com/tufte/books_vdqi">Edward Tufte's visualization work</a>, specifically his slope graph designs:</p>
+<p><a href="https://codepen.io/bradleytaunt/pen/jOBzXMe">Live CodePen Example</a></p>
+<h2>The HTML</h2>
+<p>For this concept we will actually be building this graph out of <code>tables</code> - crazy, right? The greatest benefit of rendering all the data inside of a <code>table</code> element is the ability to easily support smaller screens and mobile devices. Larger viewports will get to see the pretty slope graph, while those below a certain threshold will view a simple table.</p>
+<p>(But more on that in the CSS section)</p>
+<pre><code>&lt;p&gt;Sales of the leading frozen pizza brands of the United States from 2011 to 2017 (in million US dollars) &lt;br&gt;&lt;em&gt;Source: Statisa 2018&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
+&lt;table&gt;
+ &lt;thead&gt;
+ &lt;tr&gt;
+ &lt;th&gt;Pizza Brand&lt;/th&gt;
+ &lt;th&gt;2011&lt;/th&gt;
+ &lt;th&gt;2017&lt;/th&gt;
+ &lt;/tr&gt;
+ &lt;/thead&gt;
+ &lt;tbody&gt;
+ &lt;tr&gt;
+ &lt;td data-set=&quot;677.0&quot;&gt;DiGiorno&lt;/td&gt;
+ &lt;td&gt;&lt;span&gt;677.0&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
+ &lt;td data-name=&quot;DiGiorno&quot;&gt;1014.6&lt;/td&gt;
+ &lt;/tr&gt;
+ &lt;tr&gt;
+ &lt;td data-set=&quot;294.8&quot;&gt;Private Label&lt;/td&gt;
+ &lt;td&gt;&lt;span&gt;294.8&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
+ &lt;td data-name=&quot;Private Label&quot;&gt;524.8&lt;/td&gt;
+ &lt;/tr&gt;
+ &lt;tr&gt;
+ &lt;td data-set=&quot;286.1&quot;&gt;Red Baron&lt;/td&gt;
+ &lt;td&gt;&lt;span&gt;286.1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
+ &lt;td data-name=&quot;Red Baron&quot;&gt;572.3&lt;/td&gt;
+ &lt;/tr&gt;
+ &lt;tr&gt;
+ &lt;td data-set=&quot;257.9&quot;&gt;Tombstone&lt;/td&gt;
+ &lt;td&gt;&lt;span&gt;257.9&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
+ &lt;td data-name=&quot;Tombstone&quot;&gt;270.6&lt;/td&gt;
+ &lt;/tr&gt;
+ &lt;tr&gt;
+ &lt;td data-set=&quot;164.5&quot;&gt;Totino's Party Pizza&lt;/td&gt;
+ &lt;td&gt;&lt;span&gt;164.5&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
+ &lt;td data-name=&quot;Totino's Party Pizza&quot;&gt;347.2&lt;/td&gt;
+ &lt;/tr&gt;
+ &lt;/tbody&gt;
+&lt;/table&gt;
+</code></pre>
+<p>As you can see, nothing too fancy is happpening here. Pay close attention to the <code>data-set</code> and <code>data-name</code> variables though - those will be important for the CSS portion of this design, mainly the rendering of the line elements.</p>
+<h2>The CSS</h2>
+<p>To avoid overwhelming your brain all-at-once, let's break the CSS down into bite-sized chunks, starting with the base styling:</p>
+<pre><code>@import url('https://opentype.netlify.com/et-book/index.css');
+* {
+ box-sizing: border-box;
+}
+
+html {
+ height: 100%;
+}
+
+body {
+ background: #fffff8;
+ font-family: &quot;et-book&quot;, serif;
+ height: 100%;
+ margin: 0 auto;
+ max-width: 800px;
+ padding: 0 0.5rem;
+}
+
+p {
+ font-size: 18px;
+ margin: 4rem 0 6rem;
+}
+
+table {
+ border-collapse: collapse;
+ text-align: left;
+ width: 100%;
+}
+</code></pre>
+<p>Pretty basic stuff.</p>
+<p>Now we need to design how our slope graph will look on larger screens / desktops. For this instance, we will target these larger devices with a <code>min-width</code> media query of <code>800px</code>. The rest of the CSS might look a little confusing but I assure you it is quite simple.</p>
+<ol>
+<li>On larger devices we hide the first <code>thead tr th</code> element with <code>display: none</code></li>
+<li>The first and second <code>td</code> elements inside each <code>tbody</code> row need to be set as <code>position: absolute</code> to avoid duplicate content</li>
+<li>The inner <code>span</code> that we include in our HTML inside the second <code>tbody tr td</code> also needs to be <code>display: none</code></li>
+<li>Remember that <code>data-set</code> variable? We now use that for our <code>:before</code> pseudo element for <code>table tbody tr td:nth-of-type(1)</code></li>
+<li>Remember that <code>data-name</code> variable? We now use that for our <code>:before</code> pseudo element for <code>table tbody tr td:nth-of-type(3)</code></li>
+<li>After that, you can see the simple customization we include to render the angle / position of the slope lines and the corresponding labels</li>
+</ol>
+<pre><code>@media(min-width:800px) {
+ table {
+ display: block;
+ position: relative;
+ margin-bottom: 25rem;
+ }
+
+ table thead th {
+ border-bottom: 1px solid lightgrey;
+ font-size: 24px;
+ position: absolute;
+ top: -50px;
+ width: 45%;
+ }
+ table thead th:nth-child(1){ display: none; }
+ table thead th:nth-child(2){ left: 0; }
+ table thead th:nth-child(3){ right: 0; text-align: right; }
+
+ table tbody tr td:nth-of-type(1),
+ table tbody tr td:nth-of-type(2) { position: absolute;}
+
+ table tbody tr td:nth-of-type(2) span { display: none; }
+ table tbody tr td:nth-of-type(1):before {
+ content: attr(data-set);
+ margin-right: 10px;
+ position: relative;
+ }
+
+ table tbody tr td:nth-of-type(2) { padding-left: 10px; }
+
+ table tbody tr td:nth-of-type(3) {
+ position: absolute;
+ right: 0;
+ }
+ table tbody tr td:nth-of-type(3):before {
+ content: attr(data-name);
+ margin-right: 10px;
+ position: relative;
+ }
+
+ /* Custom individual slopes -- Left */
+ tbody tr:nth-child(1) td:nth-child(1),
+ tbody tr:nth-child(1) td:nth-child(2) { top: 60px; }
+ tbody tr:nth-child(2) td:nth-child(1),
+ tbody tr:nth-child(2) td:nth-child(2) { top: 140px; }
+ tbody tr:nth-child(3) td:nth-child(1),
+ tbody tr:nth-child(3) td:nth-child(2) { top: 165px; }
+ tbody tr:nth-child(4) td:nth-child(1),
+ tbody tr:nth-child(4) td:nth-child(2) { top: 220px; }
+ tbody tr:nth-child(5) td:nth-child(1),
+ tbody tr:nth-child(5) td:nth-child(2) { top: 270px; }
+
+ /* Custom individual slopes -- Right */
+ [data-name=&quot;DiGiorno&quot;] { top: 0; }
+ [data-name=&quot;Red Baron&quot;] { top: 65px; }
+ [data-name=&quot;Private Label&quot;] { top: 100px; }
+ [data-name=&quot;Tombstone&quot;] { top: 180px; }
+ [data-name=&quot;Totino's Party Pizza&quot;] { top: 150px; }
+
+ /* The custom visual lines */
+ tbody tr:after {
+ background: black;
+ content: '';
+ height: 1px;
+ left: 14.5%;
+ position: absolute;
+ width: 70%;
+ }
+ tbody tr:nth-child(1):after {
+ top: 40px;
+ transform: rotate(-6deg);
+ }
+ tbody tr:nth-child(2):after {
+ left: 17.5%;
+ top: 130px;
+ transform: rotate(-4deg);
+ width: 65%;
+ }
+ tbody tr:nth-child(3):after {
+ left: 15%;
+ top: 125px;
+ transform: rotate(-10.25deg);
+ width: 70%;
+ }
+ tbody tr:nth-child(4):after {
+ left: 16%;
+ top: 210px;
+ transform: rotate(-4deg);
+ width: 68%;
+ }
+ tbody tr:nth-child(5):after {
+ left: 22%;
+ top: 222px;
+ transform: rotate(-16deg);
+ width: 56%;
+ }
+}
+</code></pre>
+<p>All that's left are some minor styles to make everything look nice on mobile:</p>
+<pre><code>@media(max-width:800px) {
+ p {
+ margin: 2rem 0;
+ }
+ table td, table th {
+ border-bottom: 1px solid grey;
+ padding: 10px;
+ }
+ table td:last-of-type, table th:last-of-type {
+ text-align: right;
+ }
+}
+</code></pre>
+<h2>Not the most practical</h2>
+<p>This slope graph concept is far from perfect for use in real-world situations. The fact that you need to manually render each point of data yourself makes this implementation quite annoying for more in-depth projects.</p>
+<p>But it was fun to mess around with and create, so who cares!</p>
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